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대학생의 COVID-19 백신접종의도에 영향을 미치는 요인
- Alternative Title
- Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccination Intention Among University Students
- Author(s)
- 정현욱
- Alternative Author(s)
- Hyun Uk Jung
- Advisor
- 배선형
- Department
- 일반대학원 간호학과
- Publisher
- The Graduate School, Ajou University
- Publication Year
- 2022-02
- Language
- kor
- Keyword
- COVID-19 백신; 건강신념모델; 대학생; 백신접종의도; 지식
- Abstract
- 본 연구는 대학생의 COVID-19 지식, 백신 지식, COVID-19에 대한 지각된 민감성, 지각된 심각성, 지각된 유익성, 지각된 장애성, 자기효능감, 행동 계기와 백신접종의도 간의 관계를 파악하고 백신접종의도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 본 연구는 경기도 수원시에 소재한 A 대학교에 재학 중인 학생 164명을 대상으로, 2021년 6월 21일부터 7월 17일까지 구글 온라인 설문조사를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. COVID-19 지식은 김진희 등(2021)이 개발한 것을, 백신 지식은 Zingg과 Siegrist (2012)가 개발하고 본 연구자가 번역한 것을, 지각된 민감성과 지각된 심각성, 지각된 유익성, 지각된 장애성과 행동 계기는 Erkin와 Özsoy (2012)가 개발한 Health Belief Model Applied to Influenza (HBMAI)를 신선화(2019)가 번역, 수정하고 이를 본 연구의 목적에 맞게 수정한 것을, 자기효능감은 Gerend와 Shepherd (2012)가 개발한 것을 본 연구의 목적에 맞도록 번역, 수정한 것을, 그리고 백신접종의도는 고지하나(2011)가 개발하고 김영희 등(2017)이 수정한 것을 본 연구의 목적에 맞도록 수정한 도구를 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 25.0 프로그램을 통하여 기술통계, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, 위계적 회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 대상자의 평균 연령은 22.8세, 남성은 76명(46.3%)이었고, 독감백신 접종을 시행한 대상자는 32명(19.5%)이었으며, 주변에 COVID-19 확진자가 있는 대상자는 29명(17.7%)이었다. 2. 대상자의 COVID-19 지식은 16점 만점에 평균 12.63±1.38점, 백신 지식은 9점 만점에 4.74±1.95점, 지각된 민감성은 40점 만점에 30.11±4.94점, 지각된 심각성은 20점 만점에 16.07±3.20점, 지각된 유익성은 30점 만점에 19.86±4.03점, 지각된 장애성은 40점 만점에 19.18±5.49점, 자기효능감은 21점 만점에 15.80±3.38점, 행동 계기는 15점 만점에 7.30±2.38점, 백신접종의도는 16점 만점에 12.26±2.13점이었다. 3. 백신접종의도의 차이는 독감백신 접종유무(t=2.21, p=.029)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 4. 대상자의 백신접종의도는 지각된 심각성(r=.19, p=.015), 지각된 유익성(r=.20, p=.012), 자기효능감(r=.61, p<.001)과 통계적으로 유의한 양의 상관관계가, 지각된 장애성(r=-.41, p<.001)과 행동 계기(r=-.16, p=.037)와는 통계적으로 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 4. 대상자의 백신접종의도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하기 위해 위계적 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 모델Ⅰ에서는 독감백신 접종유무(β=.17, p=.029)가 유의미한 변수로 확인되었으며(설명력 2.9%, 수정 설명력 2.3%), 일반적 특성을 통제한 모델Ⅱ에서는 지각된 심각성(β=.12, p=.048), 자기효능감(β=.50, p<.001), 행동 계기(β=-.15, p=.019)가 유의미한 변수로 확인되었다(설명력 43.0%, 수정 설명력 40.9%; F=19.77, p<.001). 이상의 연구결과에서 대학생의 백신접종의도를 높이기 위하여 COVID-19 대유행의 장기화 속에서 COVID-19 및 백신과 관련된 정확한 정보제공을 통하여 지각된 심각성을 높이는 전략이 요구된다. 나아가 백신접종의도를 높이고 백신 접종률을 높일 수 있도록 건강관리에 대한 자기효능감을 증진 시키는 중재를 개발하고, 제공하는 후속연구가 필요하다.
- Alternative Abstract
- This study is a descriptive research investigation to identify the relationship between university students' COVID-19 knowledge, vaccine knowledge, health beliefs, self-efficacy, cues to action, and vaccination intentions and to identify influencing factors of vaccination intentions. The subjects of this study were 164 students attending University A located in Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, and data were collected via Google Forms from June 21 to July 17, 2021. The COVID-19 knowledge of the subjects was measured using the tool developed by Kim Jin-hee et al. (2021) to measure the COVID-19 knowledge of university students, and their vaccine knowledge was measured using the tool that is derived from the vaccine knowledge scale developed by Zingg and Siegrist (2012) and translated by the researcher. In addition, in order to measure the perceived susceptibility, the perceived severity, the perceived benefits, the perceived barriers, and the cues to action for COVID-19, the translation and modification version of Health Belief Model Applied to Influenza (HBMAI) developed by Erkin and Özsoy (2012) that is conducted by Shin Sun-hwa (2019) was adapted to suit the purpose of this study. Also, for measuring the self-efficacy, the tool developed by Gerent and Shepherd (2012) was translated and modified to suit the purpose of this study, and to measure the vaccination intention, the tool developed by the Ko Ji-ha-na (2011) and modified by Kim Young-hee et al. (2017) was used to fit the purpose of this study. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. The main results of the study are as follows. 1. The average age of the subjects was 22.8 years old, and 76 subjects (46.3%) were male. Thirty-two (19.5%) subjects were vaccinated against the influenza, and 29 subjects (17.7%) had COVID-19 patients nearby. 2. The COVID-19 knowledge of the subject averaged 12.63±1.38 out of 16 points, the vaccine knowledge was 4.74±1.95 out of 9 points, and the perceived susceptibility was 30.11±4.94 out of 40 points. Also, the perceived severity was 16.07±3.20 out of 20 points, the perceived benefits 19.86±4.03 out of 30 points, the perceived barriers 19.18±5.49 out of 40 points, and the self-efficacy 15.80± 3.38 out of 21 points. In addition, the cues to action were 7.30±2.38 out of 15 points, and the vaccination intention was found to be 12.26±2.13 out of 16 points. 3. There was a statistically significant difference in the vaccination intention according to the general characteristics of subjects depending on whether or not they were vaccinated against influenza (t=2.21, p=.029). 4. The subject's vaccination intention had a statistically significant positive correlation with the perceived severity (r=.19, p=.015), the perceived benefits (r=.20, p=.012), and the self-efficacy (r=.61, p<.001). And, the perceived barriers (r=-.41, p<.001) and the cues to action (r=-.16, p=.037) showed a statistically significant negative correlation. 5. The hierarchical regression analysis was performed to identify the factors affecting the subject's vaccination intention. As a result, in Model I, the presence or absence of influenza vaccination (β=.17, p=.029), and the explanatory power of the model was 2.9% (corrected explanatory power 2.3%). Next, in Model II, the perceived severity (β=.12, p=.048), the self-efficacy (β=.50, p<.001), and the cues to action (β=-.15, p=.019) were significant variables. The explanatory power of the model was 43.0% (adjusted explanatory power 40.9%) (F=19.77, p<.001). Based on the above research results, it was confirmed that it is important to increase the perceived severity and form the correct attitude toward the infectious diseases by strengthening the education so that the seriousness of the disease among young college students. In addition, the enhancing self-efficacy intervention should be develped and implemented to increase college students' intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and further increase the vaccination rate.
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- Graduate School of Ajou University > Department of Nursing > 3. Theses(Master)
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