본 연구는, 교량의 안전문제에 핵심적인 역할을 하는 탄성받침용 고무 중 합성고무(CR)의 유효수명을 예측하기 위하여 가속열화시험을 설계함에 있어 고장 메커니즘을 추론하는 프로세스를 제시하였으며, 이러한 프로세스에 따라 사용환경을 조사한 고장 데이터에 의한 고장원인과 모드의 분석, FMEA를 통한 고장 메커니즘을 추론하였다. 그 결과, 주요 원인으로 밝혀진 온도(열)에 의한 열화(연화, 고화) 때문에 나타나는 균열 및 변형이라고 결정하였다.
이러한 고장 메커니즘의 분석을 통하여 열을 가속인자로 하는 가속열화시험을 설계하였고, 가속 스트레스 수준(70,100,, 120)과 시료수를 결정하였다. 또한, 시험결과에 의하여 고무 고유의 탄성력 측정을 위하여 신장률을 구하였고, 고장의 기준을 초기신장률의 25% 저하되는 상태로 결정하였다.
데이터를 회귀곡선으로 표현하고, 각 온도별 고장시점의 시간을 아레니우수 모형에 적용하여 수명분포를 구하였으며, 2차의 추가 시험을 실시하여 수명분포의 적합성을 검토하고, 사용수준의 모수추정과 신뢰구간을 추정한 결과, 사용온도(20)에서 95% 신뢰구간의 하한치를 적용하여 B10수명이 11.6년이라는 결론을 얻을 수 있었다.
Alternative Abstract
ADT(Accelerated Degradation Test) has been a useful means for Reliability of component when the number of failure is small or even 고장 is not occurred in ALT(Accelerated Life Test). This Research introduces the process which is reasoning failure mechanism in designing ADT to forecast effective life of Elastic Bearing (CR) which is playing core role in safety issues of a bridge.
Followed by this process, circumstances of use is surveyed, causes and modes of failure were analyzed, and then failure mechanism is concluded through FMEA. At this very point, it could be found that main causes is temperature(Heat), major failure mechanism of Elastic Bearing is crack and creep caused by degradation generated by heat.
After analysis of failure mechanism, ADT which has heat as a accelerated factor was decided as a test item and designed. It showed the process which fixes accelerated stress level(70, 100, 120) and number of sample depending on characteristics of Elastic Bearing. Also the coefficient of expansion was calculated to measure the original elasticity of the rubber as a result of test and it is decided that criterion of failure is a lowering 25% of the original coefficient of expansion.
Data is showed with a regression curve from the result of test and the Life distribution could be found applying each failure point of time to Arrhenius model. At this very point, it is found that Life distributions of two tests are same when compare Life distribution of first test with one of second test which was done focused in time zone of failure. Afterwards the Life distribution was examined, the parameter assumption in circumstances of use and the confidence period are showed in charts. Accordingly it could be concluded that B10 life is 11.6 year applying lower limit of 95% confidence period in 20.